第一幕
(妈妈和爸爸外出度假， 比孩子们预期的时间提前一天返回家中。妈妈和爸爸走进家中的时候，窗帘紧闭, 起居室里黑咕隆咚的。)
爸爸： 回家的感觉真好啊!
妈妈： 是啊，我迫不及待地要给两个小男孩一个惊喜呢!
(突然，一房门开了，一只足球飞出来，穿过起居室。埃里克跑进起居室追足球，身后跟出一条大狗，走路慢吞吞的。)
埃里克：妈妈!爸爸!你们这么早就回来了呀! (四下打量, 惊慌地)可是，可是……你们不是应该明天才回来的吗!
( 狗缓缓地走到妈妈和爸爸身边。)
妈妈:(俯身抚摸着狗)埃里克，狗怎么又累又饿的啊! (看了看餐桌)让你们用来买狗食的钱已经不见了，可是小斑点看上去还这么饿!你俩用我们留给你们的钱做什么了?
爸爸：还有，你们看看这起居室——垃圾满地都是!你哥哥在哪儿? (生气地喊)丹尼尔!
丹尼尔：(跑进起居室)妈妈，爸爸，我可以跟你们解释……
爸爸拉开窗帘，光线一下子照进屋里。起居室里一片狼藉：地板上堆放着许多比萨饼盒子，洗碗池里全是脏碗碟。垃圾桶周围还有垃圾和废纸。妈妈和爸爸同时转向丹尼尔。
爸爸： (非常生气地)听我说年轻人, 还记得那一天我们将这个家委托你负责的吗?我们当时还以为你的行为举止能像个大人样了!我不知道为什么这个房子弄得这么脏……
妈妈：丹尼尔，我们还以为你是成人了，是一个我们指望做出正确决定的人……
爸爸：是一个我们能够信任的人!这个家可不是一个对不良行为听之任之的地方，而你……
丹尼尔：(叫喊着)别对我大喊大叫好不好?我还只是个少年!为什么凡事总是我的过错?
(丹尼尔冲进自己的卧室, 砰的一声关上房门。妈妈和爸爸面面相觑,灯光灭。)
第一幕完
第二幕，第一场
( 丹尼尔和埃里克的卧室。埃里克坐在床上，看着双臂交叉、表情气愤的丹尼尔。)
丹尼尔：他们压根儿就不给我—个解释的机会。我讨厌他们!
埃里克：你可不要讨厌他们!我可以告诉他们发生厂什么事。解释之后他们就不会再生气了。
丹尼尔：不，什么都不用跟他们说。他们不信任我。他们不配知道事实真相。他们愿意怎么想就让他们怎么想好了。
埃里克：但是丹尼尔，如果他们知道小斑点生病了，我们用那笔钱带小斑点去看了兽医……
丹尼尔：还有，我们昨天在兽医那儿呆了一整天，正因为如此，我们才没有时间打扫房间……可是别，埃里克，为什么他们不问问我到底发生了什么事就对我大喊大叫呢?
第二幕，第二场
妈妈：你觉得我们刚才对丹尼尔是不是太苛刻了呢?有可能我们走了之后发生了什么事情……也许我们应该去问问他。
爸爸：也许，可是他对我们那么粗鲁无礼，我觉得我们有必要惩罚惩罚他，要不然他将来会不尊重我们的。
妈妈: 哦，干嘛非得这么费劲啊?
第二幕完
1. Growing up can be difficult. (p21)成长不容易。
growing up是动名词短语作主语。
1) 动名词的被动结构为being done。
2) Sb.’s/sb. doing是动名词的复合结构，可在句中作主语或宾语。
3) 动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
①Saying is one thing，doing is another.
②Finding a good place to live continues to be one of the man’s most urgent problems.
③Seeing is believing.
④Tom’s returning so soon surprised me.
⑤Dancing is great fun.
⑥Reading English is easier than speaking it.
⑦It is no use arguing with him.
grow up成长，长大 grow into长成，发展成 grow out of 产生自；戒掉；穿不下了
can用于肯定句表示有时会；可能(理论上的可能性)。
can通常用于否定句和疑问句示推测和可能。
①Lightning can be dangerous.
②Even expert drivers can make mistakes.
③Smoking can cause cancer.
④The story can't be true.
2. Do you have to turn up your music so loud? （p21）你非得把音乐声调得这么大吗?
turn up旋大;开大。Turn the radio up a little. It's too low.
1)(人)露面，到；(物)突然出现，被发现；(事)突然发生He suddenly turned up at the meeting. He turns up late for everything. Your lost pen will surely turn up one day.
2)卷起(衣袖等)；向上折turn up the sleeves卷起衣袖 (喻)准备行动（或工作）turn up the ends of one’s trousers卷起裤腿
3)turn sb up使某人作呕／难受It turns me up to think of children being made to suffer.
4)挖翻(泥土)；挖到，找到turn up the soil; turn up a word in a dictionary
turn (a)round转过身 turn in 上交，交回
turn away不理，避开 turn out结果是；生产；出来
turn down调小／低，不接受 turn back折回；返回
turn on开(灯等) turn off关（灯等） |
相关高考试题(NMET 1995)
I can hardly hear the radio．Would you please ____?
A. turn it on B. turn it down C．turn it up D. turn it off
该题考查词义辨析 turn on打开；turn off 关上；turn down调小/低；turn up调大／高。根据本题情景，应选择C。
3. I told you to be home by 6 o'clock and now it’s 7 o'clock. （p21）我让你6点前到家，可是现在都7点了。
by
prep. before/not later than在……之前。by常用来表示时间的终点，有时可译为“到……时为止。”强调动作的完成时，by短语常与过去完成时及将来完成时连用。
[c.f.] by, before, until表示时间
by在……之前，不迟于，到……时止; before在……之前; until直到，用于肯定句中表示某动作一直延续到until短语所指的时间为止，用于否定句中，则表示某动作直到until短语所表示的时间时才发生。
①By the age of July，he had taught himself advanced maths.
②By the end of July，I'll have read all those books.
③Maybe by tomorrow morning the weather will have cleared up.
④Can you pay me back by Friday?
⑤He ought to be here by this time.
⑥By 1940, the number had grown to 98,500.
⑦My father has been so busy with his work recently and never come home before 10pm.
⑧I'll have to keep writing until 12 o'clock.
4. Don't you think this is a waste of time? (p21)难道你不认为这是浪费时间吗?
|
a waste of…浪费……
It's a waste of …doing sth. 做某事是浪费……
waste…on/over sth. 在……上浪费……
waste…(in/on)doing sth. 浪费……做某事 |
①It's a waste of time waiting any longer.
②Much energy is wasted producing things that are thrown away.
③You're wasting your time trying to persuade him. He'll never join us.
④She wasted too much money on those books.
⑤Haste makes waste. (谚)欲速则不达.
5. When you have a problem and want to talk to someone, who do you choose to talk to? (p21) 当你有问题想跟人谈一谈时，你喜欢跟谁谈呢?
choose v. 选择；决定；喜欢；宁愿
①You may choose what you like.
②I had to choose between the two.
③I want to choose her a nice present.==I want to choose a nice present for her.
④There are many types to choose from.
⑤He chose to stay home while all the others went to the cinema.
⑥We chose her as/for/to be monitor.
⑦He chose that his son should change his school.
⑧I haven't chosen what to do next.
⑨Choose correct one from the following.
⑩He couldn't choose but give up the chance.
choice n. 选择，抉择，挑拣上的人／物，精选品
make /take a choice做选择 without choice不分好坏地
of choice精选的，上选的 of one’s (own) choice 自选的，自桃的
by／for choice凭喜好：出于自择 at one’s own choice 任意地，随意地
have no choice but to do 只好，不得不……
6. Mom and Dad arrive back from vacation a day earlier than expected. (p22) 妈妈和爸爸比预期的早一天度假回来。
|
the summer／winter vacation暑／寒假
take a vacation休假
three weeks of vacation 3周的假
on vacation (在)度假 |
vacation假期，指正式规定的较长的假期，不指假日或节日。
①He has gone to Italy on vacation.
②Where are you going for your vacation?
③I'm going to take a vacation on the Golden Beach next month.
④No one goes to school during the vacation.
[c.f.]holiday, leave
1)holiday既可以指假期(也可用复数)，也可指节假日。
2)leave休假，准假，多指政府部门机关，尤指部队的休假。
on holiday (, , 在)度假 holiday dress节日盛装
get leave to do 获准做某事 ask for leave请假
give leave 准假 take French leave不辞而别
expect预想, 预期，料想 than expected比预料的 as expected如预料的那样
①There are more people present than expected.
②The film was not interesting as expected.
7. I can't wait to surprise the boys. (p22)我都等不及要让孩子们大吃一惊了。
wait for…等待 wait for sb. to do 等待某人做
wait to do等着做 can't wait to do 等不及做
wait one's turn 等候轮到某人 wait a chance等待机会
①I'll wait fot you at the station.
②I have been waiting to hear from you.
③Let's wait here for the rain to stop.
④I can't wait to see her again.
⑤Wait your turn. Don’t cut in on the queue.
8. Eric runs in after it, followed by a big dog，walking very slowly.(p22) 埃里克跑进来追球，后面跟着一只走得慢腾腾的狗。
run after追赶 run across偶遇 run into撞上，偶遇 run out of 耗尽，用光
①A dog is running after a rabbit.
②We're running out of fresh water.
③Our food will soon run out.
④The car ran into a tree.
followed by… 过去分词短语作伴随或方式状浯，表示被动含义。
现在分词短语作伴随或方式状语时表示主动意味，即表示该动作是前面主语发出来的。
①The boy spent the night locked in the room.
②He sat in the corner of the room, crying sadly.
walking very slowly 为现在分词短语作定语。
现在分词作定语时表示主语的概念或动作的进行。单个分词作定语多放于被修饰名词前，分词短语则置于被修饰词后。
1)被修饰的词是“特指”名词时，该现在分词只能表示动作的进行。
2)被修饰的词是“特指”名词，而修饰它的定语所表示的动作与谓语动作所表示的动作不是同时发生的，此时该定语虽表示主动意味，也不能使用现在分词短语，而应使用定语从句。
①Do you know the boy (who is) lying under the big tree?
②The girl (who is) sitting on the right is the professor's daughter.
③China is a developing country.
④There was a terrible noise following the sudden burst of light.
⑤The boy who brings milk has been ill for a week.
⑥The officer who left yesterday has come again.
⑦The girl who won the first prize in the composition contest is my sister.
9. You're back early! (looking around the room，sounding frightened) (p22) 你们早回来了! (环顾房间，听起来有点害怕)
|
Link v. |
v. |
|
sound听起来 名词
look看起来 形容词
smell闻起来 （给人以……感觉）+ 介词短语
taste尝起来 分词
feel摸起来 as if从句 |
hear/listento
see/lookat
smell
taste
feel/touch |
①It sounds a good idea.
②That sounds strange.
③He sounds like someone I used to work with.
④He looks as if he had slept very badly.
⑤She looks young/ old for her age.
⑥Your hand feels cold.
⑦The dish tastes delicious.
⑧The flower smells fine.
⑨It looks like rain. /It looks as if it is going to rain.
frightened(frighten)感到害怕的，害怕的, frightening吓人的，令人害怕的
1)-ed形式多用来修饰人，描述人的声音、表情或感受；
2) -ing形式则多用来修饰事物，描述事物的状态或性质。
①He was frightened to death when he heard the news．
②He was frightened by the frightening noise．
③You looked frightened．
excited激动的，感到兴奋的 exciting令人激动的／兴奋的
pleased高兴的，满意的 pleasing令人高兴的
worried担心的 worrying令人担心的
encouraged受到鼓舞的 encouraging令人鼓舞的
satisfied满意的 satisfying令人满意的
interested感兴趣的 interesting有意思的，有趣的
amazed(感到)惊奇的 amazing令人惊异的
surprised(感到)惊讶的 surprising令人惊讶的
bored(感到)厌烦的／乏味的 boring单调的，令人乏味的
10. But，but…you weren't supposed to come home until tomorrow! 但，但是……你们应该明天才到家。
be supposed to
1)表示按照义务、规则，规律或约定“理应，应该”。
2)被认为，被看作是
be supposed to do常用来表示“本应该(发生而实际上并未发生)”，有时也可使用be supposed to have done表示过去本应发生而实际未发生的事。be not supposed to意为“不应当”。
①He is supposed to arrive before six o'clock.
②You were supposed to finish your homework on time.
③The speaker is supposed to be excellent.
④We were supposed to arrive at six. But we're late.
⑤He was supposed to have told me about it.
⑥Business is not as good as it was supposed to be.
⑦You're supposed to have done it by now.
11. The money with which you were to buy dog food is gone，but Spot looks so hungry! (p22) 你应该用来买狗食的钱不见了，但Spot却一副饿相。
were to在此表示过去的计划和安排。was/were to还可表示纯过去将来时的意义。be to do结构常用来表示计划;安排;指示;命令或要求等，它也可以表示可能性或注定要发生的事情。提示：be to可用于条件状语从句中，表示“想要” (should/want to)。
①Their daughter is to be married soon.
②The cinema was to close the scond day.
③No one is to leave the building.
④You are to be back by 10 o'clock.
⑤The headmaster says you are to come at once.
⑥If you are to see him, you must come early.
相关高考试题(2001上海)
In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they____.
A．have survived B. are to survive C. would survive D. will survive
Will/would表示将来不可用于条件状语从句，而A项使用完成时态与题意不符。答案：B
be gone: gone在句中作表语表示状态。gone形式上为过去分词，但它常被用作形容词，作表语或补足语，表示“离开了的；(时间)过去了；(物)不见了，用完了，消逝了”等意。
①How long do you think you'll be gone?
②When I came back，my car was gone.
③Just a pain in my chest. It's gone now.
④Cone are the days when we used foreign oil.
12. What did you do with the money we left? (p22)你用我们留下的钱做了什么?
do with与……相处; 容忍(与can连用); 处理; 以……勉强对付过去。what在句中作do的宾语。
①He is pretty difficult to do with.
②I can't do with his rudeness.
③What should I do with the table?
deal with表示“处理”常与疑问词how连用；而do with常与what连用。
13. The room is a mess, with pizza boxes lying on the floor and dishes piled in the sink. (p22) 房间里一团糟，比萨饼盒子在地板上，碗碟堆在洗碗池里。
a mess: a dirty mass of thing; dirty and disorder condition
①Look what a mess you’ve made of your dress.
②The children made a terrible mess in the living room.
③My life is (in) a mess（乱七八糟；脏透；处境狼狈）.
④You've made a mess of (把……弄得乱七八糟；打乱)the job.
lying on the floor与piled in the sink为分词短语在句中对前面的名词boxes和dishes进行补充说明。现在分词短语表示一个主动的动作，而过去分词短语则表示一个被动的动作。
with+c.o.常可用来表示状态，原因常见结构如下：
分词
形容词
with+n./pron.+ 介词短语
副词
不定式
名词
①He fell asleep with all the windows closed.
②With the guide leading the way，we got out of the forest without any difficulty.
③He stood there with his hand in his pocket.
④They sat in silence with the 1ight on for half an hour.
⑤With no one to talk to, he felt bored.
⑥She died with her son (being) yet a schoo1 boy.
相关高考试题(2004北京)
________ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.
A. With B. Besides C. As for D. Because of
该题考查介词用法。该题题意：由于有两次考试让我操心，我本周末必须用功学习。Besides (除了……还)及As for(至于，关于)皆不符合题意要求，应排除。D项为短语介词，其后须接名词、代词或动名词，在此，句法结构有误，也不可选。选择A项可构成"with+复合宾语”结构。答案：A
14. Listen to me young man---remember the day when we left you in charge? (p22) 听我说年轻人——还记得我们托付你掌管家务的那一天吗?
remember…? 相当于Do you still remember…? 注意读时句尾用升调，表示疑问语气。when在此引导定语从句，修饰表示时间的名词day，when在定语从句中作时间状语，也可换为on which。
leave在句中表示“使或让…… (处于某种状态)”后跟复合宾语。能作其宾语补足语的除了介词短语之外，还可以是形容词、副词、分词、名词等。
Note: leave也可用于leave sb．to do结构，表示“让某人处理某事”，即to do形式表达的是主语有意识的目的。而用doing作宾补时，doing形式表达的不一定是主语要达到的目的。
①Don't leave her waiting in the rain.
②He seemed to have left something unsaid.
③Don't leave all the lights on.
④The parents died，leaving the boy an orphan.
⑤I left him to explain it to them.
⑥They often 1eave the child alone at home.
1）make/have/1et sb. do sth. 让/使某人做某事，强调主动性和目的性(make和let后不用-ing形式作宾补)。
2）keep sb doing 让某人一直做某事。不能用to do形式作keep的宾补。
in charge掌管，负责; 在句中作you的补足语。
①Who is in charge here?
②He is in charge of our class.
③The factory is in the charge of Li Hai.
④When did you take charge of the company?
⑤When she was away，he had charge of the business.
⑥The nurse was left in charge of the children.
free of charge免费
What's the charge for… ? ……的费用是多少?
charge sb money 向某人索价(多少)
charge for 因……而收费
charge sb. with谴责／指控某人……，指派某人做某事
charge sb. to do命令某人做
15. Daniel，we thought you were an adult, a person from whom we could expect good decisions… (p22) 丹尼尔，我们还以为你是一个大人了，一个我们可以指望作出正确决定的人……
thought，用过去时表示“本以为，原本想”，注意从句时态要一致。
①I thought you were in Beijing.
②I didn't know you were coming.
a person与an adult为同位关系。from whom…为介词from提前的定语从句，修饰先行词person。
expect: think or believe that sth. will happen or that sb./sth. will come, or that one will receive sth.预期，预料，指望
①None of us expected it.
②I'll expect you for supper.
③I'm expecting his letter.
④When do you expect to be back?
⑤You can't expect him to support you.
⑥I expect that he’ll come back soon.
⑦You are expected to do your duty.
⑧ -Will she come? -I expect so/ not.
[c.f.]expect, hope, wish
expect等，期待，预想，预料。它侧重于指人的心理状态，指心理上的感觉或看法。
hope与wish希望，愿。陈述的是一种个人的希望和愿望，带有很强的个人感情色彩。
①We expect to make a small profit this year.
②They hope that they can visit the Great Wall some day.
③We hope to see you soon.
④She wishes to go abroad.
⑤I wish the work to be finished quickly.
相关高考试题 (NMET 1999)
-Do you think the Stars will beat the Bulls?
-Yes. They have better players, so I _____ them to win.
A. hope B. prefer C. expect D. want
该题考查动词词义辨析。A项句法上是错误的，B、D两项则带有很强的个人偏好。此处使用expect，是根据They have better players所提供的客观信息去预料结果。答案: C
16. This is not a family where bad behavior goes unpunished and you… (p22,p23)
在这个家里，坏的行为就得受惩罚，而你……
where refers to ‘in a family’. 引导定语从句，修饰先行词family，where也可替换为in which。指代in the family。
behavior n: way of treating others; manners行为举止，待人态度，行为方式。
behave v. (举止或行为)表现，规矩; （机器等）开动，运转behave well/badly (towards) sb.对待某人的态度好／坏
①Their behaviour towards me shows that they don’t like me.
②She behaves as if she were a child.
③Children，please behave yourself.
④How is your new computer behaving?
go进行；起作用；行得通
①Her absence went unnoticed.
②He is worried that many crimes go unreported.
③Never allow such tendencies go untouched.
17. Eric sits on his bed looking at Daniel，who has his arms crossed and looks angry. (p23)
埃里克坐在他的床上看着丹尼尔，丹尼尔双臂交叉，看起来很生气。
has his arms crossed为have /get sth. done结构，表示：
1)使某事被做(主语有意识的行为，可能是主语自己做，也可能让别人做)
2)遭遇，经历(此事违背主语的意愿)
①You'd better have that bad tooth pulled out.
②I must have/get my homework finished first before going out to play.
③The old woman had/got her handbag stolen.
④He was sentenced to death and would have/get his head cut off the next day.
相关高考试题(2004重庆)
Laws that punish parents for their 1ittle children's actions against the laws got parents_____.
A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry
解析：该题旨在考查get sth. done 结构。答案A
cross v. put or place sth across or over sth else of the same type交叉，穿过，越过，反对n. 十字形，十字形物adj. 易怒的，脾气不好的
across adv.&prep.横过，穿过，在……另一边
①Be careful when crossing the road.
②He sat there with his legs crossed.
③He crossed me in everything.
④He was crossed in his plan.
⑤Put a cross where there is a mistake.
⑥Don’t be so cross with me!
⑦There’s no bridge across the river, so I’ve got to swim across.
18. Maybe，but now that he has been so rude to us, I feel like we have to punish him or he won’t respect us. (p23) 或许吧，但是既然他对我们这么无礼，我觉得似乎我们得惩罚他一下，否则，他不会尊重我们的。
feel like感觉起来像是；觉得像；摸上去像；想要。
①Do you feel like parents try to force you to spend your spare time doing things you don’t like?
②I feel like a hurt animal.
③Do you feel like taking a walk?
④I feel like (drinking)a cup of tea.
now (that) conj. because of the fact that; since由于，既然
①Now (that) you've passed your test you can drive on your own.
②Now that you've grown up，you must stop this childish behavior.
相关高考试题(NMETl999)
___you've got a chance，you might as well make full use of it.
A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as
根据题意“既然你得到了一个机会，你还是充分利用它为好。” 可知，B、C、D皆不符合题意。答案：C
, l style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">3)turn sb up使某人作呕／难受
It turns me up to think of children being made to suffer.
4)挖翻(泥土)；挖到，找到turn up the soil; turn up a word in a dictionary
turn (a)round转过身 turn in 上交，交回
turn away不理，避开 turn out结果是；生产；出来
turn down调小／低，不接受 turn back折回；返回
turn on开(灯等) turn off关（灯等） |
相关高考试题(NMET 1995)
I can hardly hear the radio．Would you please ____?
A. turn it on B. turn it down C．turn it up D. turn it off
该题考查词义辨析 turn on打开；turn off 关上；turn down调小/低；turn up调大／高。根据本题情景，应选择C。
3. I told you to be home by 6 o'clock and now it’s 7 o'clock. （p21）我让你6点前到家，可是现在都7点了。
by
prep. before/not later than在……之前。by常用来表示时间的终点，有时可译为“到……时为止。”强调动作的完成时，by短语常与过去完成时及将来完成时连用。
[c.f.] by, before, until表示时间
by在……之前，不迟于，到……时止; before在……之前; until直到，用于肯定句中表示某动作一直延续到until短语所指的时间为止，用于否定句中，则表示某动作直到until短语所表示的时间时才发生。
①By the age of July，he had taught himself advanced maths.
②By the end of July，I'll have read all those books.
③Maybe by tomorrow morning the weather will have cleared up.
④Can you pay me back by Friday?
⑤He ought to be here by this time.
⑥By 1940, the number had grown to 98,500.
⑦My father has been so busy with his work recently and never come home before 10pm.
⑧I'll have to keep writing until 12 o'clock.
4. Don't you think this is a waste of time? (p21)难道你不认为这是浪费时间吗?
|
a waste of…浪费……
It's a waste of …doing sth. 做某事是浪费……
waste…on/over sth. 在……上浪费……
waste…(in/on)doing sth. 浪费……做某事 |
①It's a waste of time waiting any longer.
②Much energy is wasted producing things that are thrown away.
③You're wasting your time trying to persuade him. He'll never join us.
④She wasted too much money on those books.
⑤Haste makes waste. (谚)欲速则不达.
5. When you have a problem and want to talk to someone, who do you choose to talk to? (p21) 当你有问题想跟人谈一谈时，你喜欢跟谁谈呢?
choose v. 选择；决定；喜欢；宁愿
①You may choose what you like.
②I had to choose between the two.
③I want to choose her a nice present.==I want to choose a nice present for her.
④There are many types to choose from.
⑤He chose to stay home while all the others went to the cinema.
⑥We chose her as/for/to be monitor.
⑦He chose that his son should change his school.
⑧I haven't chosen what to do next.
⑨Choose correct one from the following.
⑩He couldn't choose but give up the chance.
choice n. 选择，抉择，挑拣上的人／物，精选品
make /take a choice做选择 without choice不分好坏地
of choice精选的，上选的 of one’s (own) choice 自选的，自桃的
by／for choice凭喜好：出于自择 at one’s own choice 任意地，随意地
have no choice but to do 只好，不得不……
6. Mom and Dad arrive back from vacation a day earlier than expected. (p22) 妈妈和爸爸比预期的早一天度假回来。
|
the summer／winter vacation暑／寒假
take a vacation休假
three weeks of vacation 3周的假
on vacation (在)度假 |
vacation假期，指正式规定的较长的假期，不指假日或节日。
①He has gone to Italy on vacation.
②Where are you going for your vacation?
③I'm going to take a vacation on the Golden Beach next month.
④No one goes to school during the vacation.
[c.f.]holiday, leave
1)holiday既可以指假期(也可用复数)，也可指节假日。
2)leave休假，准假，多指政府部门机关，尤指部队的休假。
on holiday (在)度假 holiday dress节日盛装
get leave to do 获准做某事 ask for leave请假
give leave 准假 take French leave不辞而别
expect预想, 预期，料想 than expected比预料的 as expected如预料的那样
①There are more people present than expected.
②The film was not interesting as expected.
7. I can't wait to surprise the boys. (p22)我都等不及要让孩子们大吃一惊了。
wait for…等待 wait for sb. to do 等待某人做
wait to do等着做 can't wait to do 等不及做
wait one's turn 等候轮到某人 wait a chance等待机会
①I'll wait fot you at the station.
②I have been waiting to hear from you.
③Let's wait here for the rain to stop.
④I can't wait to see her again.
⑤Wait your turn. Don’t cut in on the queue.
8. Eric runs in after it, followed by a big dog，walking very slowly.(p22) 埃里克跑进来追球，后面跟着一只走得慢腾腾的狗。
run after追赶 run across偶遇 run into撞上，偶遇 run out of 耗尽，用光
①A dog is running after a rabbit.
②We're running out of fresh water.
③Our food will soon run out.
④The car ran into a tree.
followed by… 过去分词短语作伴随或方式状浯，表示被动含义。
现在分词短语作伴随或方式状语时表示主动意味，即表示该动作是前面主语发出来的。
①The boy spent the night locked in the room.
②He sat in the corner of the room, crying sadly.
walking very slowly 为现在分词短语作定语。
现在分词作定语时表示主语的概念或动作的进行。单个分词作定语多放于被修饰名词前，分词短语则置于被修饰词后。
1)被修饰的词是“特指”名词时，该现在分词只能表示动作的进行。
2)被修饰的词是“特指”名词，而修饰它的定语所表示的动作与谓语动作所表示的动作不是同时发生的，此时该定语虽表示主动意味，也不能使用现在分词短语，而应使用定语从句。
①Do you know the boy (who is) lying under the big tree?
②The girl (who is) sitting on the right is the professor's daughter.
③China is a developing country.
④There was a terrible noise following the sudden burst of light.
⑤The boy who brings milk has been ill for a week.
⑥The officer who left yesterday has come again.
⑦The girl who won the first prize in the composition contest is my sister.
9. You're back early! (looking around the room，sounding frightened) (p22) 你们早回来了! (环顾房间，听起来有点害怕)
|
Link v. |
v. |
|
sound听起来 名词
look看起来 形容词
smell闻起来 （给人以……感觉）+ 介词短语
taste尝起来 分词
feel摸起来 as if从句 |
hear/listento
see/lookat
smell
taste
feel/touch |
①It sounds a good idea.
②That sounds strange.
③He sounds like someone I used to work with.
④He looks as if he had slept very badly.
⑤She looks young/ old for her age.
⑥Your hand feels cold.
⑦The dish tastes delicious.
⑧The flower smells fine.
⑨It looks like rain. /It looks as if it is going to rain.
frightened(frighten)感到害怕的，害怕的, frightening吓人的，令人害怕的
1)-ed形式多用来修饰人，描述人的声音、表情或感受；
2) -ing形式则多用来修饰事物，描述事物的状态或性质。
①He was frightened to death when he heard the news．
②He was frightened by the frightening noise．
③You looked frightened．
excited激动的，感到兴奋的 exciting令人激动的／兴奋的
pleased高兴的，满意的 pleasing令人高兴的
worried担心的 worrying令人担心的
encouraged受到鼓舞的 encouraging令人鼓舞的
satisfied满意的 satisfying令人满意的
interested感兴趣的 interesting有意思的，有趣的
amazed(感到)惊奇的 amazing令人惊异的
surprised(感到)惊讶的 surprising令人惊讶的
bored(感到)厌烦的／乏味的 boring单调的，令人乏味的
10. But，but…you weren't supposed to come home until tomorrow! 但，但是……你们应该明天才到家。
be supposed to
1)表示按照义务、规则，规律或约定“理应，应该”。
2)被认为，被看作是
be supposed t, o do常用来表示“本应该(发生而实际上并未发生)”，有时也可使用be supposed to have done表示过去本应发生而实际未发生的事。be not supposed to意为“不应当”。
①He is supposed to arrive before six o'clock.
②You were supposed to finish your homework on time.
③The speaker is supposed to be excellent.
④We were supposed to arrive at six. But we're late.
⑤He was supposed to have told me about it.
⑥Business is not as good as it was supposed to be.
⑦You're supposed to have done it by now.
11. The money with which you were to buy dog food is gone，but Spot looks so hungry! (p22) 你应该用来买狗食的钱不见了，但Spot却一副饿相。
were to在此表示过去的计划和安排。was/were to还可表示纯过去将来时的意义。be to do结构常用来表示计划;安排;指示;命令或要求等，它也可以表示可能性或注定要发生的事情。提示：be to可用于条件状语从句中，表示“想要” (should/want to)。
①Their daughter is to be married soon.
②The cinema was to close the scond day.
③No one is to leave the building.
④You are to be back by 10 o'clock.
⑤The headmaster says you are to come at once.
⑥If you are to see him, you must come early.
相关高考试题(2001上海)
In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they____.
A．have survived B. are to survive C. would survive D. will survive
Will/would表示将来不可用于条件状语从句，而A项使用完成时态与题意不符。答案：B
be gone: gone在句中作表语表示状态。gone形式上为过去分词，但它常被用作形容词，作表语或补足语，表示“离开了的；(时间)过去了；(物)不见了，用完了，消逝了”等意。
①How long do you think you'll be gone?
②When I came back，my car was gone.
③Just a pain in my chest. It's gone now.
④Cone are the days when we used foreign oil.
12. What did you do with the money we left? (p22)你用我们留下的钱做了什么?
do with与……相处; 容忍(与can连用); 处理; 以……勉强对付过去。what在句中作do的宾语。
①He is pretty difficult to do with.
②I can't do with his rudeness.
③What should I do with the table?
deal with表示“处理”常与疑问词how连用；而do with常与what连用。
13. The room is a mess, with pizza boxes lying on the floor and dishes piled in the sink. (p22) 房间里一团糟，比萨饼盒子在地板上，碗碟堆在洗碗池里。
a mess: a dirty mass of thing; dirty and disorder condition
①Look what a mess you’ve made of your dress.
②The children made a terrible mess in the living room.
③My life is (in) a mess（乱七八糟；脏透；处境狼狈）.
④You've made a mess of (把……弄得乱七八糟；打乱)the job.
lying on the floor与piled in the sink为分词短语在句中对前面的名词boxes和dishes进行补充说明。现在分词短语表示一个主动的动作，而过去分词短语则表示一个被动的动作。
with+c.o.常可用来表示状态，原因常见结构如下：
分词
形容词
with+n./pron.+ 介词短语
副词
不定式
名词
①He fell asleep with all the windows closed.
②With the guide leading the way，we got out of the forest without any difficulty.
③He stood there with his hand in his pocket.
④They sat in silence with the 1ight on for half an hour.
⑤With no one to talk to, he felt bored.
⑥She died with her son (being) yet a schoo1 boy.
相关高考试题(2004北京)
________ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.
A. With B. Besides C. As for D. Because of
该题考查介词用法。该题题意：由于有两次考试让我操心，我本周末必须用功学习。Besides (除了……还)及As for(至于，关于)皆不符合题意要求，应排除。D项为短语介词，其后须接名词、代词或动名词，在此，句法结构有误，也不可选。选择A项可构成"with+复合宾语”结构。答案：A
14. Listen to me young man---remember the day when we left you in charge? (p22) 听我说年轻人——还记得我们托付你掌管家务的那一天吗?
remember…? 相当于Do you still remember…? 注意读时句尾用升调，表示疑问语气。when在此引导定语从句，修饰表示时间的名词day，when在定语从句中作时间状语，也可换为on which。
leave在句中表示“使或让…… (处于某种状态)”后跟复合宾语。能作其宾语补足语的除了介词短语之外，还可以是形容词、副词、分词、名词等。
Note: leave也可用于leave sb．to do结构，表示“让某人处理某事”，即to do形式表达的是主语有意识的目的。而用doing作宾补时，doing形式表达的不一定是主语要达到的目的。
①Don't leave her waiting in the rain.
②He seemed to have left something unsaid.
③Don't leave all the lights on.
④The parents died，leaving the boy an orphan.
⑤I left him to explain it to them.
⑥They often 1eave the child alone at home.
1）make/have/1et sb. do sth. 让/使某人做某事，强调主动性和目的性(make和let后不用-ing形式作宾补)。
2）keep sb doing 让某人一直做某事。不能用to do形式作keep的宾补。
in charge掌管，负责; 在句中作you的补足语。
①Who is in charge here?
②He is in charge of our class.
③The factory is in the charge of Li Hai.
④When did you take charge of the company?
⑤When she was away，he had charge of the business.
⑥The nurse was left in charge of the children.
free of charge免费
What's the charge for… ? ……的费用是多少?
charge sb money 向某人索价(多少)
charge for 因……而收费
charge sb. with谴责／指控某人……，指派某人做某事
charge sb. to do命令某人做
15. Daniel，we thought you were an adult, a person from whom we could expect good decisions… (p22) 丹尼尔，我们还以为你是一个大人了，一个我们可以指望作出正确决定的人……
thought，用过去时表示“本以为，原本想”，注意从句时态要一致。
①I thought you were in Beijing.
②I didn't know you were coming.
a person与an adult为同位关系。from whom…为介词from提前的定语从句，修饰先行词person。
expect: think or believe that sth. will happen or that sb./sth. will come, or that one will receive sth.预期，预料，指望
①None of us expected it.
②I'll expect you for supper.
③I'm expecting his letter.
④When do you expect to be back?
⑤You can't expect him to support you.
⑥I expect that he’ll come back soon.
⑦You are expected to do your duty.
⑧ -Will she come? -I expect so/ not.
[c.f.]expect, hope, wish
expect等，期待，预想，预料。它侧重于指人的心理状态，指心理上的感觉或看法。
hope与wish希望，愿。陈述的是一种个人的希望和愿望，带有很强的个人感情色彩。
①We expect to make a small profit this year.
②They hope that they can visit the Great Wall some day.
③We hope to see you soon.
④She wishes to go abroad.
⑤I wish the work to be finished quickly.
相关高考试题 (NMET 1999)
-Do you think the Stars will beat the Bulls?
-Yes. They have better players, so I _____ them to win.
A. hope B. prefer C. expect D. want
该题考查动词词义辨析。A项句法上是错误的，B、D两项则带有很强的个人偏好。此处使用expect，是根据They have better players所提供的客观信息去预料结果。答案: C
16. This is not a family where bad behavior goes unpunished and you… (p22,p23)
在这个家里，坏的行为就得受惩罚，而你……
where refers to ‘in a family’. 引导定语从句，修饰先行词family，where也可替换为in which。指代in the family。
behavior n: way of treating others; manners行为举止，待人态度，行为方式。
behave v. (举止或行为)表现，规矩; （机器等）开动，运转behave well/badly (towards) sb.对待某人的态度好／坏
①Their behaviour towards me shows that they don’t like me.
②She behaves as if she were a child.
③Children，please behave yourself.
④How is your new computer behaving?
go进行；起作用；行得通
①Her absence went unnoticed.
②He is worried that many crimes go unreported.
③Never allow such tendencies go untouched.
17. Eric sits on his bed looking at Daniel，who has his arms crossed and looks angry. (p23)
埃里克坐在他的床上看着丹尼尔，丹尼尔双臂交叉，看起来很生气。
has his arms crossed为have /get sth. done结构，表示：
1)使某事被做(主语有意识的行为，可能是主语自己做，也可能让别人做)
2)遭遇，经历(此事违背主语的意愿)
①You'd better have that bad tooth pulled out.
②I must have/get my homework finished first before going out to play.
③The old woman had/got her handbag stolen.
④He was sentenced to death and would have/get his head cut off the next day.
相关高考试题(2004重庆)
Laws that punish parents for their 1ittle children's actions against the laws got parents_____.
A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry
解析：该题旨在考查get sth. done 结构。答案A
cross v. put or place sth across or over sth else of the same type交叉，穿过，越过，反对n. 十字形，十字形物adj. 易怒的，脾气不好的
across adv.&prep.横过，穿过，在……另一边
①Be careful when crossing the road.
②He sat there with his legs crossed.
③He crossed me in everything.
④He was crossed in his plan.
⑤Put a c, ross where there is a mistake.
⑥Don’t be so cross with me!
⑦There’s no bridge across the river, so I’ve got to swim across.
18. Maybe，but now that he has been so rude to us, I feel like we have to punish him or he won’t respect us. (p23) 或许吧，但是既然他对我们这么无礼，我觉得似乎我们得惩罚他一下，否则，他不会尊重我们的。
feel like感觉起来像是；觉得像；摸上去像；想要。
①Do you feel like parents try to force you to spend your spare time doing things you don’t like?
②I feel like a hurt animal.
③Do you feel like taking a walk?
④I feel like (drinking)a cup of tea.
now (that) conj. because of the fact that; since由于，既然
①Now (that) you've passed your test you can drive on your own.
②Now that you've grown up，you must stop this childish behavior.
相关高考试题(NMETl999)
___you've got a chance，you might as well make full use of it.
A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as
根据题意“既然你得到了一个机会，你还是充分利用它为好。” 可知，B、C、D皆不符合题意。答案：C
